Recently the contemporary fascist movement has incorporated both Left-wing ideology and organizational decentralization, as well as engaging in cross-recruiting from both Left-wing circles and cultural and social movements usually associated with the Left. This book examines the long history behind these recent developments and delves into the significance of this trend for both the Left and Right. A work of political and intellectual history, this book studies Left/Right crossover movements, starting in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century circles from which the classical fascist movement arose. It will trace the evolution of non-traditional fascism as it developed in Western Europe, before being imported to the United States. There it will be shown to combine with the U.S. Left, as well as local U.S. liberal political traditions. These untraditional fascist elements are small in number, but represent a different style of politics that has the ability to become successful-either as an independent movement, or as a dominant ideology in more traditional organized racist circles. Offering a unique insight into a political approach that is poorly documented and widely misunderstood, this book is essential reading for students, scholars and activists interested in the fascist movement, as well as political movements and ideologies more generally.