This book serves as a comprehensive guide to the diverse techniques employed in maritime communication using radio frequency (RF) and optical bands. It starts by introducing the different techniques and then focuses on essential topics such as channel models for RF and optical bands, modulation and coding schemes, coverage and capacity considerations, and radio resource management specific to maritime communications. The book also explores emerging use cases, including the Internet of Ships and the ship-to-underwater Internet of Things, shedding light on their potential and impact. Additionally, it highlights a number of exciting open challenges in the field and identifies future research directions, such as extending broadband connectivity to the deep sea, harnessing terahertz and visible light signals for on-board applications, and utilizing data-driven modeling for radio and optical marine propagation. It caters to professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of the techniques, challenges, and potential solutions in this domain. Additionally, graduate students and academics exploring advanced topics in wireless communication and IoT applications will find this book to be a valuable resource.